Health care providers recommend that children receive the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine between 12 and 15 months of age, and again between 4 and 6 years of age - before entering school. This vaccine may also include the chickenpox (varicella) vaccine - measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine. The measles vaccine is usually given as a combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. If you're pregnant, you need to take special care to avoid measles because the disease can cause premature birth, low birth weight and fetal death. Encephalitis can cause permanent brain damage. Encephalitis may occur right after measles, or it might not occur until months later. The condition can be especially dangerous for people with weakened immune systems. Encephalitis is irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the brain. About 1 in 1,000 people with measles can develop a complication called encephalitis. People with weakened immune systems can develop an especially dangerous type of pneumonia that sometimes can lead to death. Measles can commonly cause an infection in the lungs (pneumonia). Measles can also cause inflammation of the voice box (laryngitis). It can also lead to inflammation of the inner walls that line the main air passageways of the lungs (bronchitis). Measles may lead to irritation and swelling (inflammation) of the airways (croup). One of the most common complications of measles is a bacterial ear infection. Diarrhea and vomiting can result in losing too much water from the body (dehydration). As other symptoms of the illness go away, the cough and darkening or peeling of the skin where the rash was may stay for about 10 days. The rash gradually fades first from the face and last from the thighs and feet. The measles rash may last about seven days. At the same time, the fever rises sharply, often as high as 104 to 105.8 F (40 to 41 C). Over the next few days, the rash spreads down the arms, chest and back, then over the thighs, lower legs and feet. Spots and bumps in tight clusters give the skin a splotchy red appearance. The rash is made up of small red spots, some of which are slightly raised. This relatively mild illness may last 2 to 3 days.Īcute illness and rash. Measles typically begins with a mild to moderate fever, often with a persistent cough, a runny nose, inflamed eyes (conjunctivitis) and a sore throat. There are no signs or symptoms of measles during this time. For the first 10 to 14 days after infection, the measles virus spreads in the body. The infection occurs in stages over 2 to 3 weeks.
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